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Difference between active and passive cell balancing:
Active cell balancing: Active cell balancing means making the state of charge and the voltage level of each cell equal without wasting energy through a resistor. In active cell balancing, energy is transferred from one cell to another cell, or from cell to the battery pack, etc
Passive cell balancing: Passive cell balancing means making the state of charge and voltage level of each cell equal by dissipating energy through a resistor. In passive cell balancing energy is not transferred from cell to cell.