Electric Car Working, Benefits, Types, Components, Companies

Hello guys, welcome back to my blog. In this article, I will discuss electric car working, benefits of an electric car, types of electric cars, components of the electric vehicle, top EV companies, etc.

If you have any doubts related to electrical, electronics, and computer science, then ask questions. You can also catch me on Instagram – CS Electrical & Electronics And Chetan Shidling. 

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Electric Car Working, Benefits, Types, Components

The demand for electric vehicles or cars is increasing day by day. If you are from an engineering background then you must know the working of electric vehicles. If you don’t know about electric vehicles then don’t worry, in this article, I will discuss it with you. 

Benefits Of Electric Vehicle

1. No noise, smell, and vibration.
2. No hand crank, no gear to change.
3. No backfiring, quick start.
4. Compared to the heat engine, the electric motor is far more efficient.
5. Regenerative braking is present in EV’s.

Types Of Electric Car

01. Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)

• It is powered by an electric motor and engine.
• Conventional fuel is used by internal combustion.
• Both regenerative braking and engine will charge the battery.
• The electric motor makes the engine a small and better fuel economy.

02. Plug-In Hybrid Electric vehicles (PHEVs)

• It is also powered by an electric motor and engine.
• In this type of vehicle also, the conventional fuel is used by internal combustion.
• Outside electric power source, regenerative braking and engine will charge the battery.
• Long trips need the engine and during urban driving, most power comes from stored electricity.

03. All-Electric Vehicles (EVs)

• It is powered by an electric motor.
• Electrical energy is stored in a battery that powers the motor.
• The battery is charged from the charging station.
• No air pollution.

Electric Car Working

The mains components in the electric vehicle:

1. Electric machine
2. Battery pack
3. Inverter
4. Charger
5. DC/DC converter

01. Electric motor

The electric motor is like a heart in an electric car. The power to the motor is supplied by the battery. In electric cars, the most common motor used is the BLDC motor, induction motor, etc. The electric motor is responsible for vehicle movement. 

02. Battery pack

The energy is stored in the battery pack which is further supplied to the motor. In electric cars, lithium-ion batteries are used. The battery pack is built from a series and parallel combination of lithium-ion cells. Batteries are usually placed in the rear of the vehicle under the floor of the trunk or under the rear seat. The wiring harness from the batteries usually runs below the floorplan of the vehicle about one foot in from the driver’s side of the vehicle.

03. Inverter

The purpose of the inverter in an electric car is to convert the dc supply into ac supply if the car has an induction motor. If an electric car has other motors like BLDC then there will be some other converter like a buck-bost converter. The speed of the motor is also controlled by this circuit.

04. Charger

The charger is a point where the energy is supplied to the battery pack from the charging station. 

05. DC/DC converter

The electric car also has a 12v lead acid battery, to charge that battery a dc/dc converter is required. Suppose the battery pack voltage is 24 volts, the dc/dc converter step-downs the 24 volts voltage to the 12 volts to charge the 12 volts battery.

These are some main components of electric cars.

Companies Making Hybrid Vehicle

01. Honda

• Accord
• Civic
• Insight

02. Toyota

• Prius
• Camry
• Highlander

03. Ford

• Escape

04. Mazda

• Tribute

05. Lexus

• RX 400h SUV
• GS 450h
• LS 600h L

06. Mercury

• Mariner SUV

07. Dodge

• Ram – contractor’s edition

08. General motors

• Silverado and Sierra
• Malibu
• Tahoe/Yukon

09. Nissan

• Altima
• Versa

Hybrid Cars In India

1. Toyota Prius
2. Honda Accord Hybrid
3. Toyota Camry
4. MG Hector
5. Suzuki Ciaz
6. Suzuki Swift
7. Suzuki Ertiga
8. Mahindra Scorpio Intelli Hybrid

I hope this article may help you all a lot. Thank you for reading. 

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About The Author

Chetan Shidling

Automotive | Technical Blogger | Engineer | Content Creator

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