Hello guys, welcome back to my blog. In this article, I will discuss the top Linux commands for engineers, these Linux commands are very useful and are most commonly asked during interviews.
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Top Linux Commands For Engineers
In Linux, the shell (or terminal) is the lifeline of the coder or developer, and of any power user. Something that can be accomplished on the GUI (by clicking on various buttons), can be accomplished with much better efficiency on the terminal by utilizing commands. Maybe one can not recognize all the commands, but with everyday usage, one can readily recognize the most valuable ones. The following manual will teach you to the tiniest set of necessary commands needed to use your Linux computer efficiently.
File Commands
| 01. | ls | Directory listing |
| 02. | ls -al | A formatted listing with hidden files |
| 03. | ls -lt | Sorting the Formatted listing by time modification |
| 04. | cd qemu | Change directory to qemu |
| 05. | cd | Change to the home directory |
| 06. | pwd | Show current working directory |
| 07. | mkdir newfolder | Creating a directory dir |
| 08. | cat >file | Places the standard input into the file |
| 09. | more wget-log | Output the contents of the file |
| 10. | head file.c | Output the first 10 lines of the file |
| 11. | tail file.c | Output the last 10 lines of the file |
| 12. | tail -f file.c | Output the contents of the file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines |
| 13. | touch file | Create or update file |
| 14. | rm file | Deleting the file |
| 15. | rm -r newfolder | Deleting the directory |
| 16. | rm -f file | Force to remove the file |
| 17. | rm -rf dir | Force to remove the directory dir |
| 18. | cp file1 file2 | Copy the contents of file1 to file2 |
| 19. | cp -r dir1 dir2 | Copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if not present |
| 20. | mv file1 file2 | Rename or move file1 to file2, if file2 is an existing directory |
| 21. | ln -s file1 link | Create symbolic link, link to file |
Process management
| 01. | ps | To display the current working processes |
| 02. | top | Display all running process |
| 03. | kill pid | Kill the process with given pid |
| 04. | killall proc | Kill all the process named proc |
| 05. | pkill pattern | Will kill all processes matching the pattern |
| 06. | bg | The list stopped or background jobs, resume a stopped job in the background |
| 07. | fg | Brings the most recent job to the foreground |
| 08. | fg n | Brings job n to the foreground |
Searching
| 01. | grep pattern file | Search for pattern in file. The grep filter searches a file for a spcific pattern of characters, and displays all lines that contain that pattern. |
grep [options] pattern [files]
Options Description
-c : This prints only a count of the lines that match a pattern
-h : Display the matched lines, but do not display the filenames.
-i : Ignores, case for matching
-l : Displays list of a filenames only.
-n : Display the matched lines and their line numbers.
-v : This prints out all the lines that do not matches the pattern
-e exp : Specifies expression with this option. Can use multiple times.
-f file : Takes patterns from file, one per line.
-E : Treats pattern as an extended regular expression (ERE)
-w : Match whole word
-o : Print only the matched parts of a matching line,
with each such part on a separate output line.
-A n : Prints searched line and nlines after the result.
-B n : Prints searched line and n line before the result.
-C n : Prints searched line and n lines after before the result.
| 02. | grep -r pattern dir | Search recursively for pattern in dir |
| 03. | command | grep pattern | Search pattern in the output of a command |
| 04. | locate file | Find all instances of file |
| 05. | find -name filename | Searches in the current directory (represented by a period) and below it, for files and directories with names starting with filename. |
| 06. | pgrep pattern | Searches for all the named processes, that matches with the pattern and, by default, returns their ID |
System Info
| 01. | date | Show the current date and time |
| 02. | cal | Show this month’s calender |
| 03. | uptime | Show current uptime |
| 04. | w | Display who is on line |
| 05. | whoami | Who you are logged in as |
| 06. | finger user | Display information about user |
| 07. | uname -a | Show kernel information |
| 08. | df | Show the disk usage |
| 09. | du | Show directory space usage |
| 10. | free | Show memory and swap usage |
Compression
| 01. | tar cf file.tar file | Create tar named file.tar containing file |
| 02. | tar xf file.tar | Extract the files from file.tar |
| 03. | tar czf file.tar.gz files | Create a tar with Gzip compression |
| 04. | tar xzf file.tar.gz | Extract a tar using Gzip |
| 05. | tar cjf file.tar.bz2 | Create tar with Bzip2 compression |
| 06. | tar xjf file.tar.bz2 | Extract a tar using Bzip2 |
| 07. | gzip file | Compresses file and renames it to file.gz |
| 08. | gzip -d file.gz | Decompresses file.gz back to file |
Network
| 01. | ping host | Ping host and output results |
| 02. | whois domain | Get whois information for domains |
| 03. | dig domain | Get DNS information for domain |
| 04. | dig -x host | Reverse lookup host |
| 05. | wget file | Download file |
| 06. | wget -c file | Continue a stopped download |
Shortcuts
| 01. | ctrl+c | Halts the current command |
| 02. | ctrl+z | Stops the current command, resume with fg in the foreground or bg in the background |
| 03. | ctrl+d | Logout the current session, similar to exit |
| 04. | ctrl+w | Erases one word in the current line |
| 05. | ctrl+u | Erases the whole line |
| 06. | ctrl+r | Type to bring up a recent command |
| 07. | !! | Repeats the last command |
| 08. | exit | Logout the current session |
This was about ” Top Linux Commands For Engineers “. I hope this article ” Top Linux Commands For Engineers ” may help you all a lot. Thank you for reading.
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