What Is Electrical Torque And Mechanical Torque, Definition

September 1, 2021February 21, 2022 Aman Rochani

Hello guys, welcome back to my blog. In this article, I will discuss what is electrical torque and mechanical torque, definitions, starting torque, pull-up torque, break-down torque, full-load torque, etc.

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Electrical Torque And Mechanical Torque

The force exerted by an engine is known as torque. Energy is released each time a cylinder explodes, causing the engine to spin. This strength, which is given as rotation, is measured by torque.

In a practical sense, torque is the driving force applied to the output shaft, which is entirely independent of the time it takes to deliver the force, which is the power. When we talk about torque (M) in the context of a gear motor, we’re talking about the force exerted by the output shaft. It varies for each motor and is proportional to the gear ratio (ratio of the gearbox).

Electrical Torque

The turning force across a radius is measured in torque, which is measured in Nm in the SI system and lb-ft in the imperial system. When an asynchronous induction motor accelerates from zero to maximum working speed, the torque it produces changes.

01. Locked Rotor or Starting Torque

The torque generated by an electric motor when it starts at zero speed is known as locked rotor torque or beginning torque. For applications or machinery that are difficult to start, such as positive displacement pumps and cranes, a high Starting Torque is particularly critical. For centrifugal fans or pumps with low or near-zero start loads, a lower Starting Torque can be tolerated.

02. Pull-up Torque

The pull-up torque is the minimum torque created by an electric motor when it runs from zero to maximum load speed (before it reaches the breakdown torque point). When a motor begins and accelerates, the torque falls until it hits a low point at a particular speed referred to as the pull-up torque and then increases until it achieves the highest torque at a higher speed is referred to as the break-down torque.

Pull-up torque is important for applications that require power to overcome transitory obstacles and achieve operating conditions.

03. Break-down Torque

When the machine accelerates to operating conditions, the Break-down Torque is the greatest torque attainable before the torque drops.

04. Full-load (Rated) Torque or Braking Torque

The Maximum Load, the torque required to deliver the rated power of an electrical motor at full load speed is referred to as torque.

Mechanical Torque

In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotating equivalent of linear force. It’s also called the moment, the moment of force, rotational force, or turning effect, depending on the study. The concept came from Archimedes’ studies into the usage of levers.

Torque is the twisting of an object around an axis, like how a linear force is a push or a pull. Another definition of torque is the product of the magnitude of the force and the perpendicular distance of the line of action of a force from the axis of rotation.

The cross product of the position vector (distance vector) and the force vector for point particles yield the torque, which is a three-dimensional pseudovector. The magnitude of torque in a rigid body is influenced by the force applied, the lever arm vector linking the location around which the torque is measured to the point of force application, and the angle between the force and lever arm vectors.

A force of three newtons applied two meters from the fulcrum, for example, produces the same torque as one newton applied six meters away. This assumes the force is directed in the same direction as the straight lever.

Torque is measured in terms of force times distance, and its SI units are “newton-meters.” Although the terms “newton” and “meter” are technically equivalent.

The SI unit for energy or labor, the joule, is similarly defined as 1 Nm, although this unit is not used for torque. Energy is always a scalar since it is the consequence of “force dot distance,” whereas torque is “force cross distance” and therefore a (pseudo) vector-valued variable. Of course, the dimensional equivalency of these units isn’t a coincidence; a torque of 1 Nm applied across a full rotation requires exactly 2 joules of energy.

To summarise, the product of magnetic flux and armature current determines the torque of an electrical motor. The product of force and distance is proportional to mechanical or load torque. The amount of load torque supplied affects the motor current.

The armature current is constant in a steady-state motor, and the electrical torque is equal to and opposite to the mechanical torque. The motor torque is smaller than the load torque when a motor is decelerating. In contrast, when a motor accelerates, the motor torque exceeds the load torque.

I hope this article ” Electrical Torque And Mechanical Torque ” may help you all a lot. Thank you for reading ” Electrical Torque And Mechanical Torque “.

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